Gazetteer
This is an index of all of the placenames (i.e. toponyms) which are either mentioned in La sfera or present on at least one of the maps that decorate the margins of many Sfera manuscripts.
About the gazetteer
You can learn more about the toponyms in three ways:
- Select a toponym from the index list on the left. This list is filterable by fuzzy-matching search. Selecting a toponym will allow you to view more detailed information.
- Start typing a toponym in the search box, and the list will use fuzzy matching to offer you a smaller number of options.
- Select a point on the map to view the toponym associated with that location. You can then click on the toponym for more detailed information.
With each toponym we have listed a few of the naming variants that appear across the Sfera manuscripts. Our list of variants is not comprehensive, and provides only a representative sample of the kinds of spelling variants found on Sfera maps. In particular, doubled letters (angolo >> angollo), c/ch and g/gh variants (>> angholo), and vowel variation (>> angelo) are so common that it is impossible to note all variations. Toponyms with few or no variants either (a) are so common as to acquire a standard spelling (e.g. asia) OR (b) do not often appear in the Sfera maps (e.g. livorno). Our list of variants expands abbreviations except in the case of labels such as f[iume] or m[are], where variation is shown.
- Acre
- Adriatic Sea
- Africa (city)
- Africa (continent)
- Aigues-Mortes
- Alcudia
- Alegranzia
- Alexandretta
- Alexandria
- Algiers
- Almeria
- Alto Luogo
- Ancona
- Angello
- Angolo
- Antiochetta
- Arabia Deserta
- Arabia Felice
- Arabian Mountains
- Arabian peninsula
- Arabian Sea
- Archavi
- Archipelago
- Armenia
- Armenia
- Armenian Mountains
- Arzeu
- Arzilla
- Ascalon
- Asia
- Asia Major
- Asia Minor
- Assyria
- Atlas Mountains
- Aveo
- Babylonia
- Bacu
- Baghdad
- Barbary Coast
- Basra
- "Bay of Salt Water", near the Caspian Sea
- Beirut
- Bernico
- Bethlehem
- Bisancia
- Biserti
- Bona
- Bosphorus
- Brisca
- Bugia
- Buzedor
- Buzentor
- Cabardi
- Cadiz
- Caesarea
- Caesarea
- Caffa
- Cagliari
- Cairo
- Calvary/Mount of Olives
- Candeloro
- Candia
- Cape Bojador
- Cape Bon
- Cape Bonandrea
- Cape Rausen
- Capernaum
- Capesse
- Capo de Tre Forche
- Capo de Zug
- Capulia
- Carena
- Carmana
- Carpi
- Cartageña
- Carthage
- Casale de Rossi
- Caspian Mountains
- Caspian Sea
- Castelle
- Cavo Pisello
- Chalcedonia
- Chaldea
- Chaldean Sea
- Chessi
- China
- Chios
- Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem
- Circassia
- coastal city near Tripoli in Syria: retired as a variant of Nazareth (M092)
- Constantinople
- Copa
- Corsica
- Crete
- Crexe
- Cumania
- Curco
- Cyprus
- Damascus
- Damietta
- Dan River
- Danube River
- Dardanelles
- Dead Sea
- Delinferno
- Diaschilo
- Edil River
- Egypt
- Egyptian Sea
- England
- Ephesus
- Ethiopia
- Euphrates River
- Europe
- Facesse
- Falconaria
- Famagusta
- Fascio River
- Fez
- Fisco
- Fison River
- Florence
- Foa
- Foia
- Formentario
- France
- Galilee
- Gallipoli
- Gazara
- Gazola
- Gedrosia
- Germany
- Gion, an eastern branch of the Nile
- Girisonda
- Gomera
- Gomorrah
- Gonea
- Granada
- Grand Canary
- Graziosa
- Great Sea
- Greece
- [Gulf of] La Rassa
- "Gulf of Larissa"
- Gulf of Lions
- Gulf of Misrata
- Gulf of Tim
- Hagia Sophia
- Holy Land
- Hone
- Hungary
- Hyrcania
- Iafarin
- Iaxartes River
- Imaus Mountains
- Imbro
- India
- India east of the Ganges
- Indian Sea
- India west of the Ganges
- Indus River
- Ireland
- Isola del Ferro
- Isola de Palma
- Italy
- Jaffa
- Jerba
- Jericho
- Jerusalem
- Jerusalem
- Jordan River
- Judea
- Laiazzo
- Lake Merom
- Laleccia
- Lancilotto
- Landermitti
- Lango
- Laquia
- Laracha
- Larissa
- Larosa / Linosa
- Lazaretto
- Lesmirre
- Lisbon
- Livegimarini
- Livorno
- "Lost Sea", another name for Black Sea; retired and merged with P026
- Lovati
- Lower Egypt (indicated west of Nile)
- Luco
- Macri
- Maiorca
- Malaga
- Malfata (Porto Amalfitano)
- Mare di Barberia
- Marmara Island
- Mauritania
- Maurolaco
- Mecca
- Mediterranean Sea
- Melilla
- Mesember
- Mesopotamia
- Messa
- Messi
- Messina
- Mezzomondia
- Mine
- Misurata
- Modone
- Moncastro
- Morocco
- Mostaganem
- Motzema
- Mount Armenia
- Mount Carmel
- Mount Lebanon
- Mount Sinai
- Mount Tabor
- Mytilene
- Nazareth
- Nicomedia
- Nicosia
- Niffe
- Nile River
- Nineveh
- Nipolimo
- North Sea
- Ocean Sea
- Orano
- Organci
- Oxus River
- Palatia
- Paliostro
- Palolimen
- Palopolis
- Papa
- Paris
- Pera (Constantinople)
- Persia
- Persian Gulf
- Persian Sea
- Pezzonda
- Pidea
- Pontarachia
- Portogallo
- Prepia
- probably a variant of Pontarachia (P109)
- Quissa
- Rabat
- Rama
- Rasamabes
- Ras River
- Red Sea
- retired in favor of P030 (Canaria: no distinction btw archipelago and main island)
- Rhodes
- Risso
- Rocca
- Romania
- Rosetta
- Rosetta River
- Russia
- Sabea
- Safi
- Sale
- Saline
- Salla
- Salobreña
- Samachia
- Samaria
- Samastoe
- Samos
- San Gregorio
- San Zorzo
- Sardinia
- Saretta
- Sarmatia-in-Asia
- Sarmatia-in-Europe
- Satalia
- Sauromate
- Savasto
- Scanfida
- Scotland
- Scutari
- Scythia
- Scythia-beyond-the-mts
- Scythia-west-of-the-mountains
- Sea of Damietta
- Sea of Galilee
- Sea of Tana
- Sea of Trebizond
- Sentina
- Seren
- Serica
- Setta
- Sevastopol
- Seville
- Shallows near Djerba
- Sicily
- Sidon
- Simisso
- Sinai peninsula: retired as a variant of P097
- Sinope
- Siridoni
- Sodom
- Sogdiana
- Soldino
- Spain
- Spanish Sea
- St Catherine's Monastery, Sinai
- Stillo
- Storia
- Strait of Gibraltar
- Strait of Gibraltar: retired and merged with P133
- Sturio
- Susa
- Susa
- Susmena
- Syria
- Syrian Sea
- Tabarca
- Tana
- Tana River
- Taprobana
- Tarsus
- Tartaria
- Taurica
- Tauris
- Taurus Mountains
- Tenedos
- Tenes
- Thessalonica
- Thrace
- Tignie in Asia Minor
- Tigris River
- Tino
- Tir River
- Titelis
- Tolometta
- Tomb of Mohammed
- Tor/Jor River
- Tortosa
- Tower of Babel
- Trabuco
- Trebizond
- Tremissen
- Tripoli (Libya)
- Tripoli (Syria)
- Tripoli Vecchio
- Troy
- Tunis
- Turkey
- Tyre
- Tyrrhenian Sea
- unknown, along the Rioni River
- unknown, along the Rioni River
- unknown, along the Rioni River: DD thinks this is a distance, not a toponym
- unknown, along the Rioni River, possibly to be associated with Shamakhi (P117)
- unknown, between Faxo and Tana
- unknown, between Larissa and Gaza, probably a misreading of Cesarea
- unknown, btw Mount Zion and Mount Tabor
- unknown btw Orano & Algiers
- unknown, btw Rausem and Bonandrea
- unknown, btw Saretta and Tyre: retired as a variant of Tyre (P151)
- unknown, btw Tabriz and Ararat
- unknown, btw Tripoli & Misurata
- unknown, in reference to the Canary Islands
- unknown, in reference to the Canary Islands
- unknown, in Western Asia
- unknown, in Western Asia
- unknown, in Western Asia
- unknown, in Western Asia
- unknown, in Western Asia
- unknown, in Western Asia
- unknown, near Beirut: retired as a variant of Tyre (P151)
- unknown near Caffa
- unknown, near Carthage/Tunis
- unknown, near Jerusalem
- unknown, near Tabriz on Map 1
- unknown, next to Cape Bon (possibly a version of Cape Bon? but they're on the same map
- unknown, north of Jaffa
- unknown, on mainland off Rhodes
- unknown, on the eastern side of the Dardanelles
- unknown on the Spanish coast, near Seville
- unknown, on Turkish coast btw Candeloro & Palopoli
- unknown, possibly an error, between Vatiza and Ghirisonda, NOT the same as Sinope
- unknown, west of Macri btw Fisco & Angelo: probably related to San Nicola ("Papanicola"/"Barbanicola", Campbell #1411)
- unknown, west of Macri btw Laquia and Larosa: probably related to San Nicola
- Upper Egypt (indicated east of Nile)
- Valencia
- Varna
- Vatiza
- Verdico
- Zamor
- Zianara
- Zion
- Zizari